Automatic identification of individuals for reliably and effectively processing official documents (e.g. passport and visa) and providing access to secure facilities has become an important component in advanced security systems. Biometric recognition systems utilize the physical or behavioural characteristics of an individual for identification. By using biometrics, existing security systems can be greatly improved to meet the demand of society. In this subject, we will study the design of various biometric systems based on fingerprints, face, palmprint, iris, retina, and other modalities. Multimodal biometric systems that use two or more of the above characteristics will be discussed. Issues related to the security and privacy aspects of the biometric systems will be addressed.

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