School of Psychological Science

		Professor Simon Crowe Professor		Phone: +61 3 9479 1380 Fax: +61 3 9479 1956 s.crowe@latrobe.edu.au Room 464 George Singer Building
		BBSc (Hons), BSc., MSc (Clin Neuro), PhD (La Trobe), Grad Dip Bus.

I was appointed to the School of Psychology in February, 1991 as a joint appointment to the areas of Clinical Neuropsychology and Biological Psychology. I was promoted to Senior Lecturer in 1994 and to Associate Professor in 2000. Before I joined La Trobe I worked as a Clinical Neuropsychologist, firstly at the Brain Trauma Unit at Mont Park and then as the State wide Consultant Neuropsychologist at the Neuropsychiatric Unit at Mont Park. During 1989 I was the Clinical Psychologist in the Forensic Psychiatry Unit.

Publications – recent

My papers have been cited 711 times in the international literature with an average citation per item of 9.61 and a h-index of 16.

My research activities can be divided into two areas: the biological basis of memory formation and the neuropsychology of psychiatric disorders.

Biological basis of memory formation: The principal focus of my research since commencing my PhD has been to study the biological and psychological processes involved in memory consolidation and retrieval. This work has lead to a number of developments in memory modelling including further elucidation of the biochemical and pharmacological processes associated with the retrieval from the memory store, and in modelling human memory deficits in the chick model system. Recently I have developed a model of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in the chick that has included behavioural, pharmacological and biochemical investigations, as well as the study of the effects of cytokines (agents triggered during sickness behaviour) and investigation into the dopaminergic mechanisms in memory formation and retrieval and more recently investigations into the behavioural, pharmacological and biological mechanism involved in up dating an already stored memory via the reconsolidation paradigm that my colleagues and I have developed in my laboratory.

The most significant contributions to the international literature that I have made in the area of the biological basis of memory formation include.

• Characterizing the nature of the reconsolidation of memory following the input of further information from a behavioural, pharmacological and biological perspective (Sherry, Crowe & Hale, 2005; Summers, Crowe & Ng, 2003)
• Elucidating the role that the neurotransmitter dopamine plays in the consolidation and retrieval of memory using the chick model system in association with Dr Matthew Hale (Hale & Crowe, 2002, Crowe & Hale, 2002).
• Further developing a model of the Wernicke Korsakoff Syndrome in the day-old chick which allows a detailed analysis of the behavioural, pharmacological and biochemical parameters of the disease process on memory function and on brain function (Crowe & El Hadj, 2002).
• Exploring the manner in which cytokines influence the processing of memory (Sell, Crowe & Kent, 2003)

Neuropsychiatric Disorders: These studies centre on the theme of the compromise in language and other neuropsychological functions as a result of neuropsychiatric disorder. This has included a number of studies of the effects of frontal lobe deficits on language fluency and has suggested a number of interesting hypotheses for normal function and in other pathological groups. I have also conducted a number of projects investigating word finding in traumatic brain injury as well as a number of recent studies exploring the psychometric properties of commonly used neuropsychological tests. I have also become very interested in the implications of traumatic and other forms of brain injury to various aspects of psychosocial functioning including the prevalence of post-accident psychiatric disorder, coping, alteration to body image and aspects of sexuality as well as more recent work looking at the ecological validity of neuropsychological testing and aspects of the long-term effects of benzodiazepine use.

The most significant contributions to the international literature that I have made during the assessed years in the area of the neuropsychology of psychiatric disorders include:

• Developing a testable model of the effect of localized lesions of the frontal lobe to the performance of tasks of verbal fluency (Bittner & Crowe, 2006)
• Examining the factor structure of a number of commonly used neuropsychological tests, thus allowing better guidelines for determination of what exactly these instruments are measuring (Crowe, Bittner, Raggl & Senior, 2003)
• Developing available clinical neuropsychological instrumentation as a means of providing greater understanding of the cognitive effects of neuropsychiatric disorder in real world situations (Crowe, Mahoney, O’Brien & Jackson, 2003; Crowe, Mahoney & Jackson, 2004; Hoskin, Jackson & Crowe, 2005 a, Hoskin, Jackson & Crowe, 2005 b
• Insights into the neuroanatomical and cognitive mechanisms of the psychiatric disorder (Crowe, 1998; McLaren & Crowe, 2003; Yucel, Pantelis, Stuart, Maruff, Wood, Velakoulis, Crowe, Papingas, & Egan, 2002; Yucel, Stuart, Maruff, Wood, Savage, Smith, Crowe, Copolov, Velakoulis, & Pantelis, 2002)
• Investigations into the long term neuropsychological consequences of benzodiazepine use (Barker, Greenwood Jackson & Crowe, 2003; 2004 a & b; 2005)
• Developing a model of how alcohol abuse interferes with carbohydrate metabolism in association with my colleague Dr Anna Kokavec (Kokavec & Crowe, 2002; Kokavec & Crowe, 2003; Kokavec & Crowe, 2006).

	Editorial & Research Activities		Professional Organisations
	Postgraduate Supervision		Awards & Memberships

Crowe, S.F. (1998). Neuropsychological effects of the psychiatric disorders. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers.

Chapters in Books

Crowe, S.F., & Barker, M. (2007). Neurocognitive consequences of benzodiazepine exposure. In A. Kalechstein & W. van Gorp (Eds). Neurocognition and substance misuse: State of the art and future directions. New York: Taylor and Francis.

Crowe, S.F. (2006). Commentary: Watching the brain work. In L. Burton & D. Westen (Eds). Psychology: An Australian and New Zealand perspective. (pp. 117-118); Queensland Australia John Wiley.

Crowe, S.F. (2000). Forensic neuropsychology. In I. Freckelton and H. Selby (Eds). Expert evidence (p. 2801-3106). Sydney, NSW: Thomson Legal and Regulatory Group.

Crowe, S.F. (1999). Alcohol related brain impairment. In S. Cox and J. Keady (Eds). Younger people with dementia: Planning, practice and development (p. 135-150). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Journal Articles – Article In Scholarly Refereed Journal

Refereed publications

Bittner, R., & Crowe, S.F. The relationship between working memory, processing speed and verbal comprehension and FAS performance following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury (accepted: 06/05/07).

Crowe, S.F., Matthews, C., & Walkenhorst, E. (2007). The relationship between worry, anxiety and thought suppression and the components of working memory in a non-clinical sample. Australian Psychologist 42(3), 170-177.

Kent, S., Dedda, K., Hale, M., & Crowe, S.F. (2007). Polyinosinic:policytidilic acid induces memory processing deficits in the day-old chick. Behavioural Pharmacology, 18(1), 19-27.

Bittner, R., & Crowe, S.F. (2006). The relationship between naming difficulty and FAS performance following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 20(9), 971-980.

Kokavec, A., & Crowe, S.F. (2006). Effect of moderate white wine consumption on serum IgA and plasma insulin under fasting conditions. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 50, 407-412.

Hoskin, K.M., Jackson, M., & Crowe, S.F. (2005). Can neuropsychological assessment predict capacity to manage personal finances? A comparison between brain impaired individuals with and without administrators. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 12(1), 56-67.

Hoskin, K.M., Jackson, M., & Crowe, S.F. (2005). Money management after acquired brain dysfunction: The validity of neuropsychological assessment. Rehabilitation Psychology, 50(4) 355-365.

Sherry, J.M., Hale, M.W., & Crowe, S.F. (2005). The effects of the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390 on memory re-consolidation following reminder-activated retrieval in day-old chicks. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 88, 104-112.

Barker, M. J., Greenwood, K. M., Jackson, M., & Crowe, S. F. (2005). An evaluation of persisting cognitive effects after withdrawal from long-term benzodiazepine use. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 11, 281-289.

Barker, M., Greenwood, K., Jackson, M., & Crowe, S.F. (2004). Persistence of cognitive effects after withdrawal from long-term benzodiazepine use: A meta-analysis. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 19, 437-454.

Barker, M., Greenwood, K., Jackson, M., & Crowe, S.F. (2004). Cognitive effects of long-term benzodiazepine use. CNS Drugs, 18, 37-48.

Crowe, S.F., & Hale, M. (2004). Facilitation of a weak training experience in the day-old chick using diphenylhydantoin: A pharmacological and biochemical study. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 77, 657-666.

Crowe, S.F., Mahoney, K., & Jackson, M. (2004). Predicting competency in automated machine use in an acquired brain injury population using neuropsychological measures. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology,19, 673-691.

Barker, M., Greenwood, K., Jackson, M., & Crowe, S.F. (2003). Cognitive effects of benzodiazepine use: A review. Australian Psychologist, 38, 202-213.

Crowe, S.F., Barutchu, A., & Houston, D. (2003). The accuracy of source monitoring across the auditory, visual and action modalities. Australian Journal of Psychology, 55, 135-139.

Crowe, S.F., Bittner, R.M., Raggl, R., & Senior, G. (2003). The effect of item type on performance of the Matrix Reasoning sub-test of the WAIS-III in traumatically brain injured and non-brain injured control participants. Brain Impairment, 4, 146-154.

Crowe, S.F., Mahoney, K., O’Brien, A., & Jackson, M. (2003). An evaluation of the usage patterns and competence in dealing with automated delivery of services in an acquired brain injury sample. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 13, 497-515.

Hale, M., & Crowe, S.F. (2003). Facilitation and disruption of memory for the passive avoidance task in the day-old chick using dopamine D-1 receptor compounds. Behavioral Pharmacology, 14, 525-532.

Kokavec, A., & Crowe, S.F. (2003). Effect on plasma insulin and plasma glucose of consuming white wine alone after a meal. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 27, 1718-1723.

McLaren, S., & Crowe, S.F. (2003). The contribution of perceived control of stressful life events and thought suppression to the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in both clinical and non-clinical samples. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 17, 389-403.

Sell, K., Crowe, S.F., & Kent, S. (2003). Lipopolysaccharide induces biochemical alterations in chicks trained on the passive avoidance learning task. Physiology and Behavior, 78, 679-688.

Summers, M.J., Crowe, S.F., & Ng, K.T. (2003). Memory retrieval in the day-old chick: A psychobiological approach. Neuroscience and Biobehavioural Reviews, 27, 219-231.

Crowe, S.F., & El Hadj, D. (2002). Phenytoin ameliorates the memory deficit induced in the young chick by ethanol toxicity in association with thiamine deficiency. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 71, 215-221.

Crowe, S.F., & Hale, M. (2002). Carry over effects associated with the single trial passive avoidance learning task in the young chick. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 78, 321-331.

Hale, M. & Crowe, S.F. (2002). The effects of selective dopamine agonists on a passive avoidance learning task in the day-old chick. Behavioral Pharmacology, 13, 295-301.

Kokavec, A., & Crowe, S.F. (2002). Alcohol consumption in the absence of adequate nutrition may lead to activation of the glyoxylate cycle in man. Medical Hypotheses, 58, 411-415.

Yucel, M., Stuart, G.W., Maruff, P., Wood, S.J., Savage, G.R., Smith, D.J., Crowe, S.F., Copolov, D.L., Velakoulis, D., & Pantelis, C.K. (2002). Paracingulate morphological differences in males with established schizophrenia: A magnetic resonance imaging morphometric study. Biological Psychiatry, 52, 15-23.

Yucel, M., Pantelis, C.K., Stuart, G.W., Maruff, P., Wood, S.J., Velakoulis, D., Crowe, S.F., Papingas, A., & Egan, G.F. (2002). Anterior cingulate activation during Stroop task performance: A PET to MRI co-registration study of individual patients with schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 251-254.

Crowe, S.F., Hale, M., Dean, S., El Hadj, D., Macdonell, G., Sarkissian, G., & Wrigley, S. (2001). The effect of heightened levels of physiological arousal on neuropsychological measures of attention in a non-clinical sample. Australian Psychologist, 36, 239-243.

Crowe, S.F., & Hamailanen, M. (2001). Comparability of a single trial passive avoidance learning task in young chicks across different laboratories. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 75, 140-148.

Hale, M., & Crowe, S.F. (2001). The effects of apomorphine and haloperidol on memory consolidation in the day-old chick. Behavioral Neuroscience, 115, 376-383.

Kokavec, A., & Crowe, S.F. (2001). The effect of a moderate white wine consumption on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis before and after a meal. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 70, 243-250.

Kokavec, A., & Crowe, S.F. (2001). The consequences of imbibing alcohol in the absence of adequate nutrition: The salt and water hypothesis. Medical Hypotheses, 57, 667-672.

Sell, K.M., Crowe, S.F., & Kent, S. (2001). Lipopolysaccharide induces memory-processing deficits in day-old chicks. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 68, 497-502.

Yucel, M., Stuart, G.W., Maruff, P., Velakoulis, D., Crowe, S.F., Savage, G., & Pantelis, C.K. (2001). Hemispheric and gender-related differences in the gross morphology of the anterior cingulated/paracingulate cortex in normal volunteers: An MRI morphometric study. Cerebral Cortex, 11, 17-25.

Crowe, S.F. (2000). Does the Letter Number Sequencing task measure anything more than digit span? Assessment, 7, 113-117.

Crowe, S.F. (2000). Traumatic brain injury without loss of consciousness: A case study. Brain Impairment, 1, 107-115.

Crowe, S.F., & Hoogenraad, K. (2000). Differentiation of dementia of the Alzheimer’s type from depression with cognitive impairment on the basis of a cortical versus subcortical pattern of cognitive deficit. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 15, 9-19.

Curran, C.A., Ponsford, J.L., & Crowe, S.F. (2000). Coping strategies and emotional outcome following traumatic brain injury: A comparison with orthopaedic patients. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 15, 1256-1274.

Farkas, L., & Crowe, S.F. (2000). The role of the benzodiazepine-GABA system in the memory processes of the day-old chick. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 65, 223-231.

Hazendonk, K.M., & Crowe, S.F. (2000). A neuropsychological study of the post-polio syndrome: Support for depression without neuropsychological impairment. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neurology, 13, 112-118.

Keppel, C. C., & Crowe, S.F. (2000). Changes to body image and self-esteem following stroke in young adults. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 10, 15-31.

Perlesz, A., Kinsella, G., & Crowe, S.F. (2000). Psychological distress and family satisfaction following traumatic brain injury: Injured individuals and their primary, secondary and tertiary carers. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 15, 909-929.

Summers, M., Crowe, S.F., & Ng, K.T. (2000). Modification of a weak learning experience by memory retrieval in the day-old chick. Behavioral Neuroscience, 114, 713-719.

Editorial and other Research-Related Activities

Editor: Australian Psychologist: 2001-2005.

Associate Editor: Australian Psychologist: 1994-2000.

Editorial Consultant: Psychiatry, Psychology and Law: 1994-present.

Occasional Reviewer: Australian and NZ Journal of Psychiatry, Australian Journal of Psychology, Australian Psychologist, Behavioural Pharmacology, Brain Impairment, Brain Research Bulletin, Cortex, European Journal of Psychopharmacology, Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, Neuropsychology, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Personality and Individual Differences.

External examiner of PhD, Doctor of Psychology or Masters theses from: Flinders University, James Cook University, La Trobe University, Macquarie University, Monash University, Murdoch University, University of Adelaide, University of Melbourne, University of Southern Queensland, University of Western Australia and Victoria University.

Member NH&MRC Review Panel, 5j Psychiatry and Psychology, 2006.

Member: Expert Medical Reference Panel, Centre of Excellence in Depression and Related Disorders; beyondblue: The national depression initiative, 2002-2007.

External Grant Reviewer: ARC; NH&MRC; Smoking and Health Research Foundation of Australia; Neurological Foundation (New Zealand).

Honorary Research Fellow Department of Psychology, Monash University, 1 January 1996 to 31 December 2000.

Member Animal Ethics Committee, Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering, 1998-2001.

Postgraduate Research Supervision

Holding Positions in Professional Organisations

Vice President and Director, Australian Psychological Society, 2006-2007

Co-chair Science and Research Advisory Group, Australian Psychological Society, 2007

Director of Science, Australian Psychological Society Board of Directors, 2006.

Membership Secretary: National College of Clinical Neuropsychologists (APS), 1997-2000

Chair: College of Clinical Neuropsychologists (APS: Victorian Section), 1989-1994

Chair: College of Clinical Neuropsychologists (APS: Victorian Section), 1998-2000

Executive member, College of Clinical Neuropsychologists (APS: Victorian Section), 1995.

Representative of the Board of Clinical Neuropsychologists: Executive of the Victorian Branch of the APS: 1989-1994

Committee Member: Workshops sub-committee of the Education and Training sub-committee of the National Executive of the APS: 1992-1994

Convenor: Education and Training Committee of the Victorian Branch of the APS: 1993

Committee Member: Brain Behaviour Research Institute, 1992-1994

The Exercise of Professional Skills

• Private practice in clinical neuropsychology focussing on medico-legal aspects of acquired brain injury and the neuropsychology of psychiatric disorders, 1990-2007
• Consultant Neuropsychologist, Western Hospitals, Footscray and Sunshine, 1991-1997
• Independent assessor TAC: 1992- present
• Independent Assessor (Section 112) Victorian Work Cover Authority, 1994-present

Other Awards and Memberships

Fellow, Australian Psychological Society, 2003.

Winner D.M. Myers Medal (recognition as top Honours graduate): 1984.

Winner Australian Psychological Society Prize: 1984.

Registered as a psychologist under the Victorian Psychologists Registration Act (Number 2006): 1987-present.

Registered as a psychologist by the NSW Psychologists Registration Board (Number PS0055210): 1999-present.

Member of the Australian Psychological Society: 1986-present.

Member APS College of Clinical Neuropsychologists: 1987-present.

Member APS College of Forensic Psychologists: 1998-present.

Member Society for Neuroscience (USA) 2004-present.

Member International Neuropsychological Society: 1991-present.

Member National Academy of Neuropsychology (USA) 1999-present.

Member International Behavioral Neuroscience Society: 1993-present.

Member Australian and New Zealand Association for the Study of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law: 1991-present.

Member Australian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment: 1987-present.