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Disorders
of the nail:
•
Genetic
•
Acquired
•
Trauma
•
Disease
•
Fungal
•
Viral
•
Bacterial
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Involuted
nails
•
Asymptomatic
•
Painful
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Onychophosis
•
H.K. and sometimes helomata in sulcus
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Onychauxis
•
Hypertrophy of the nail plate
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Onychogryphosis
• AKA Rams Horn nail or Ostler’s nail/toe
• Gross hypertrophy of nail - resembles a rams horn
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Onychocryptosis
•
ingrown toenail
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Onychia
/ paronychia
•
Onychia - inflammation of nailbed and matrix
• Paronychia - inflammation of prox and lat nail folds
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Beau’s
lines
•
Transverse depression along nail surface
• Indicates previous illness or trauma
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Onycholysis
• Separation or lifting of the nail from the nail bed at the
DISTAL end
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Koilonychia
•
Nail loses its normal contour
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Hippocratic
nails (clubbing)
•
Increase in normal curvature
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Psoriatic
nails
•
Psoriasis is common skin disorder
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Leukonychia
•
Whitening of the nail plate
o Punctata
o Striata
o Totalis
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Pachyonychia
•
Uniform thickening of all nails
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Median
nail dystrophy
• Longitudinal ridge
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ONYCHOMYCOSIS
•
Fungal infection of the nail, nail bed and or surrounding periungual
tissues
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Aetiology
o
Onycholysis
o
Trauma
o
Immuno-compromised
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Pathogens
o
Dermatophytes, Yeasts, Molds
o
Trichophyton rubrum
o
Trichophyton metagrophytes
o
Epidermophton flocossum
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Clinical Features
o
Distal subugual onychomycosis (DSO)
o
Superficial white onychomycosis (SWO)
o
Proximal subungual onychomyscosis (PSO)
o
Candida onychomycosis
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Diagnostic
Tests
o
Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
o
Culture & Sensitivity
o
Wood’s light
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Treatment
o
Topical
o
Systemic
o
Surgical
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| Links |
| ePodiatry's
resources on Nail
disorders. |
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