Staff profile

Dr Alex R Ward

Associate Professor

Faculty of Health Sciences

School of Public Health and Human Biosciences
Department of Human Biosciences

HS2-447, Melbourne (Bundoora)

 

Qualifications

BSc (Hons) Syd, MSc Macq, PhD La Trobe

Area of study

Anatomy and Physiology

Recent Publications

Books

Robertson VJ, Ward AR, Low J, Reed A (2006). Electrotherapy explained: principles and practice (4th ed). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Ward, A.R. et al (1991). Physics and Chemistry for the Health Sciences (third edition). Excell Biomedical Publications.

Ward, A.R. (1986). Electricity, Fields and Waves in Therapy (second edition). Science Press.

Journal Articles

Ward AR, Lucas-Toumbourou S, McCarthy B. (2009). A comparison of the analgesic efficacy of medium frequency alternating current and TENS. Physiotherapy. 95(4). 280-288.

Ward AR, Lee Hung Chen W. (2009). Lowering of sensory, motor and pain-tolerance thresholds with burst duration using kHz frequency alternating current electrical stimulation: part II. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 90. 1619-1627.

McDonald SJ, Dooley PC, McDonald AC, Schuijers JA, Ward AR, Grills BL. (2009). Early fracture callus displays smooth muscle-like viscoelastic properties ex vivo: implications for fracture healing. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 27(11). 1508-1513.

Green R, Brown E, Ward A. (2009). Secondary school science predictors of academic performance in university bioscience subjects. Anatomical Sciences Education. 2. 113-118.

Ward AR. (2009). Electrical stimulation using kHz frequency alternating current. Physical Therapy. 89(2). 181-190.

Ward AR, Lucas-Toumbourou S. (2007). Lowering of sensory, motor and pain-tolerance thresholds with burst duration using kHz frequency alternating current electrical stimulation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 88(8). 1036-1041.

Ward AR, Oliver W. (2007). A comparison of the hypoalgesic effectiveness of low frequency and burst modulated kHz frequency currents. Physical Therapy. 87(8). 1056-1063.

Shanahan C, Ward AR, Robertson VJ. (2006). A Comparison of the analgesic efficacy of interferential therapy and TENS. Physiotherapy. 92, 247-253.

Ward AR, Oliver W, Buccella D. (2006). Wrist extensor torque production and discomfort associated with low frequency and burst modulated kHz frequency currents. Physical Therapy. 86(10). 1360-1367.

McManus FJ, Ward AR, Robertson VJ. (2006). The analgesic effects of interferential therapy on two experimental pain models: cold and mechanically induced pain. Physiotherapy. 92, 95-102.

Robertson VJ, Ward AR, Jung P. (2005). The contribution of heating to tissue extensibility: a comparison of deep and superficial heating. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 86(4), 819-825.

Ward AR, Robertson VJ, Ioannou H. (2004). The effect of duty cycle and frequency on muscle torque production using kHz frequency range alternating current. Medical Engineering and Physics. 26(7), 569-579.

Ozcan J, Ward AR, Robertson VJ. (2004). A comparison of true and premodulated interferential currents. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 85(3), 409-415.

Ward AR, Shkuratova N. (2002).  Russian electrical stimulation: the early experiments.  Physical Therapy, 82(10), 1019-1030.

Robertson VJ, Ward AR. (2002).  Use of electrical stimulation to strengthen the vastus medialis muscle following a lateral patellar retinacular release.   Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 32(9), 437-446.

Ward AR, Robertson VJ, Makowski RJ. (2002). Optimal frequencies for electrical stimulation using medium frequency alternating current. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 83(7), 1024-1027.

Ward AR, Robertson VJ. (2001). The variation in motor threshold with frequency using kHz frequency alternating current. Muscle and Nerve. 24, 1303-1311.

Ward AR, Robertson VJ. (2000). The variation in fatigue rate with frequency using kHz frequency alternating current. Medical Engineering and Physics, 22(9), 637-646.

Ward AR, Robertson VJ. (1998). Sensory, motor and pain thresholds for stimulation with medium frequency alternating current. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 79(3), 273-278.

Ward AR, Robertson VJ. (1998). The variation in torque production with frequency using medium frequency alternating current. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 79(11), 1399-1404.

Grills BJ, Schuijers JA, Ward AR. (1997). Topical application of nerve growth factor improves fracture healing in rats.   Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 15, 235-242.

Robertson VJ, Ward AR. (1997). Longwave (45 kHz) ultrasound reviewed and reconsidered. Physiotherapy, 83(3), 123-130.

Robertson VJ, Ward AR. (1997). Decreasing power of longwave ultrasound [Letter]. Physiotherapy, 83(7), 392.

Robertson VJ, Ward AR. (1997). 45 kHz (Longwave) ultrasound [Letter]. Physiotherapy, 85(5), 271-272.

Ward AR, Robertson VJ. (1996). Dosage factors for the subaqueous application of 1 MHz ultrasound. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 77, 1167-1172.

Robertson VJ, Ward AR. (1996). Dangers in extrapolating in vitro uses of therapeutic ultrasound. [Letter to the Editor]. Physical Therapy, 76, 78-79.

Robertson VJ, Ward AR. (1996). Limited interchangeability of methods of applying 1 MHz ultrasound. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 77, 379-384.

Ward AR, Robertson VJ. (1996). Comparison of heating of nonliving soft tissue produced by 45 kHz and 1 MHz frequency ultrasound machines. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 23, 258-266.

Robertson VJ, Ward AR. (1995). Subaqueous ultrasound:  The depth efficiency of heating of 1 MHz and 45 kHz ultrasound machines compared.  Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 76, 569-575.

 

Conference Publications

Robertson, V.J., Ward, A.R. Electrically initiated torque and stimulation efficiency. Australian Physiotherapy Association Fifth International Congress. Hobart, May 11-15, 1998.

Robertson, V.J., Ward, A.R. Therapeutic ultrasound dosage factors: ensuring the same dosage using direct contact and subaqueous application methods. Australian Physiotherapy Association Annual Conference. Brisbane, July, 1996.

Schuijers, J.A., Ward, A.R., Grills, B.L. Nerve growth factor improves fracture healing in rats. Proceedings of the Australian Physiological and Pharmacological Society, 26, 98, 1995.