Science, Technology and Engineering

Anderson Laboratory

Department of Biochemistry

Research - Floral defensins

Plant defensins are small (c.a. 5 kDa), basic, cysteine-rich proteins with antimicrobial activities. They are ubiquitous in plants and form part of the innate immunity arsenal. Plant defensins are encoded by small multigene families and are expressed in various plant tissues, but are best characterized in seeds. They are typically produced as preproteins, however, a small subset are produced as larger precursors with C-terminal prodomains.

To date, the three-dimensional solution structures of seven seed- and two floral-derived defensins have been elucidated by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Despite limited amino acid sequence identities, these defensins have comparable global folds with features that are characteristic of the cysteine-stabilized alpha beta (CSab) motif. Interestingly, their structures are remarkably similar to those of insect defensins and scorpion toxins. Functionally, these proteins exhibit a diverse array of biological activities, although they all serve a common function as defenders of their hosts.

Our research investigates the distribution, biosynthesis, structure, function and mode of action of flower-derived plant defensins from solanaceous plants and examines their potential in agribiotechnological applications.